Hearing is defined as the detection of acoustic energy borne in the fluid medium surrounding the animal, air, or water.
From: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, 2010
Steven McGee MD, in Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis (Fourth Edition) , 2018
Hearing loss, which affects 25% to 40% of individuals over the age of 65, is associated with depression, difficulty communicating, and reduced mobility. Clinicians using casual assessment in the office overlook significant hearing loss approximately half the time. The causes of hearing loss are either neurosensory (i.e., damage to the auditory nerve or cochlear hair cells) or conductive (i.e., damage to the parts of the ear that conduct sound from air to the cochlea). Most neurosensory hearing loss is due to presbyacusis (the degenerative hearing loss of aging). Less common causes are Meniere disease and acoustic neuroma. The most common causes of conductive loss are impacted cerumen, otitis media, perforated eardrum, and otosclerosis.
Steven McGee MD, in Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis (Third Edition) , 2012
Hearing loss, which affects 25% to 40% of individuals over the age of 65 years, is associated with depression, difficulty communicating, and reduced mobility. Clinicians using casual assessment in the office overlook significant hearing loss about half the time. The causes of hearing loss are either neurosensory (i.e., damage to the auditory nerve or cochlear hair cells) or conductive (i.e., damage to the parts of the ear that conduct sound from air to the cochlea). Most neurosensory hearing loss is due to presbycusis (the degenerative hearing loss of aging). Less common causes are Ménière disease and acoustic neuroma. The most common causes of conductive loss are impacted cerumen, otitis media, perforated eardrum, and otosclerosis.
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Hearing is a process comprising ( Fig. 19.2 ):
transmission of acoustic waves through the external and middle ear
reception and conversion of acoustic waves into electric impulses of the auditory nerve fibers in the inner ear
auditory processing of the electric impulses in the central parts of the auditory pathway (auditory nerve, cochlear nuclei, midbrain, subcortical and cortical auditory centers).
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